Define the term "bioremediation" in the context of wastewater treatment.

Bioremediation refers to the process of utilizing microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, to break down and degrade organic pollutants present in wastewater. This method is significant in wastewater treatment because these microorganisms can effectively metabolize harmful substances, thereby transforming them into less toxic or non-toxic compounds. By harnessing the natural metabolic processes of these organisms, bioremediation can lead to the removal of contaminants from wastewater, making it safer for discharge into the environment or for reuse.

In municipal wastewater treatment, bioremediation plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality of effluent through biological processes. The microorganisms consume the organic matter as a food source, contributing to the reduction of pollutants and facilitating the treatment process in various stages, such as the activated sludge process or biofilter systems. This approach not only helps to purify the water but also promotes a more sustainable and eco-friendly method of managing wastewater.