What does Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) measure?

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a critical parameter in water quality assessment as it measures the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms when they decompose organic matter in a water sample. This process is significant because it reflects the level of organic pollution in the water, indicating how much oxygen is needed by microorganisms to break down that organic material. High BOD values suggest a high level of biodegradable material present, which could lead to oxygen depletion in aquatic environments, affecting aquatic life.

The measurement of BOD is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes, as it helps to determine the strength of the wastewater and the necessary treatment methods to ensure that discharged water meets environmental regulations and does not harm water bodies. Understanding BOD is fundamental for anyone involved in municipal wastewater treatment, as it plays a crucial role in assessing water quality and promoting effective treatment strategies.