What does membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology integrate?

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology effectively combines biological treatment and membrane filtration into a single process. In MBR systems, microorganisms are responsible for degrading organic matter in the wastewater. This biological treatment is carried out in a tank where bacteria consume the pollutants, breaking them down into simpler compounds.

The unique aspect of MBR technology is the inclusion of membrane filtration, which is used to separate the treated water (filtrate) from the biomass (activated sludge) during the treatment process. This membrane filtration can include microfiltration or ultrafiltration membranes, which allow for the retention of suspended solids and microorganisms while permitting water and dissolved substances to pass through. As a result, MBR systems can achieve a high level of effluent quality compared to traditional treatment methods, with improved removal of pathogens and nutrients.

This integration of biological and membrane filtration components enhances the efficiency of wastewater treatment, reduces the footprint required for treatment facilities, and produces high-quality effluent that can be reused or discharged to the environment with lower risks. In contrast to the other options, which incorporate different treatment processes or methods that do not align with the MBR's specific integrated approach, the combination of biological processes with membrane technology is fundamental to the functionality and advantages of MBR