What is the main purpose of a clarifier in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)?

The primary function of a clarifier in a wastewater treatment plant is to separate solids from liquids. This is a critical process in the treatment chain, as it allows for the efficient removal of suspended solids, including both organic and inorganic materials.

During wastewater treatment, the influent contains a mix of water, solids, and other contaminants. The clarifier uses gravity to facilitate the settling of these solids to the bottom of the tank, forming a sludge layer. The clear liquid above this sludge, known as supernatant, is then displaced or removed for further processing. This separation is vital for improving water quality before it undergoes additional treatment steps such as filtration or disinfection.

The role of the clarifier is essential in ensuring that the solid waste is adequately managed, preventing clogs and ensuring that downstream processes operate effectively and efficiently.