Which of the following are common methods of disinfection used in wastewater treatment?

The identification of common methods of disinfection in wastewater treatment is crucial for ensuring that pathogens are effectively eliminated before the treated water is released into the environment or reused. Among the options provided, ultraviolet (UV) disinfection and ozonation are recognized as effective disinfection methods.

UV disinfection works by using ultraviolet light to disinfect water, effectively destroying the DNA of microorganisms, making it impossible for them to reproduce and cause disease. This method is quite efficient and does not introduce any chemicals into the water, which can be beneficial for maintaining water quality.

Ozonation involves the use of ozone gas, a powerful oxidizing agent, to disinfect water. Ozone reacts with a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, leading to their inactivation. Moreover, ozonation can also help in breaking down certain contaminants that may be present in the wastewater.

Both of these methods are increasingly favored in modern wastewater treatment facilities because they provide high levels of disinfection without the residuals and potential harmful by-products that can result from chlorine disinfection.

The other options mention processes that, while important in wastewater treatment, do not serve the primary purpose of disinfection. Sedimentation is involved in the removal of solids, filtration removes particles, chemical precipitation aids in pollut