Why is nutrient removal significant in wastewater treatment?

Nutrient removal is significant in wastewater treatment primarily because it prevents algal blooms in water bodies. Excess nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, can enter water bodies through treated wastewater. When these nutrients are present in high concentrations, they can stimulate the rapid growth of algae, leading to algal blooms. These blooms can deplete oxygen in the water, resulting in dead zones where aquatic life struggles to survive. Furthermore, some types of algae can produce toxins that are harmful to both aquatic organisms and humans.

By effectively removing these nutrients during the wastewater treatment process, facilities can mitigate the risk of harmful algal blooms and maintain healthier aquatic ecosystems. This aspect is crucial for protecting water quality, supporting biodiversity, and ensuring safe recreational opportunities in lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water.